How to Witness to a Jewish Person About Jesus Using Only the Old Testament – Heiser | Part 3
John 14:6
apologetics
April 2, 2026
Part 1: https://youtu.be/cxHvzrM7wQo
Part 2: https://youtu.be/rQKkvKHbHnM
Part 4: https://youtu.be/xYsEuXZ35ZA
In Part 3 of his series—his favorite for its accessibility and Christological punch—Michael Heiser unveils Old Testament roots of binitarianism ("two powers in heaven," a pre-Christian Jewish concept documented in rabbinic and intertestamental texts, later deemed heretical), showing how ancient Israelite theology provided categories for Jesus' deity without violating Shema monotheism (Deuteronomy 6:4), thus equipping first-century Jews (and NT writers like John in 1:18's "only God" at the Father's side) to embrace a visible Yahweh alongside the invisible one, mirroring Father/Son dynamics. Reviewing Part 2's divine plurality (Elohim not attribute-specific, Yahweh species-unique among real spiritual beings; sonship in Psalm 82/Deuteronomy 32:8-9), he spotlights "the Angel of Yahweh" (malak Yahweh) and "the Name" (Hashem/shemo, God's essence/presence, not mere consonants—e.g., Ark as "the Name" in 2 Samuel 6; Psalm 20's trust in "the Name" as Yahweh himself; Isaiah 30's personified "Name" in wrath). Key texts fuse identities: Exodus 3's Angel in the bush becomes Yahweh seeing Moses (no distinction); Exodus 23:20-21's Angel bearing "My Name" (unpardonable offenses, like God); Genesis 31:11-13's Angel self-identifying as "God of Bethel" (prior Yahweh encounter); Genesis 48:15-16's singular-verb blessing by "God... and the Angel who redeemed me"; Gideon's Judges 6 encounter (Angel under tree speaks as Yahweh—"Yahweh turned... I send you... I'll be with you"—accepts offering, vanishes; Gideon fears seeing "the Angel face-to-face," yet Yahweh reassures "peace"); Amos 4:11/God's "I/when God destroyed Sodom"; Genesis 19:24's dual-Yahweh action ("Yahweh rained... fire from Yahweh out of heaven," translations like JPS distinguish to resolve tension); Abraham/Isaac (Genesis 22: Angel speaks as God: "you withheld... from Me"). Heiser recommends Alan Segal's "Two Powers in Heaven" (Jewish scholar chronicling pre-2nd-century AD Godhead thinking) for evangelism, stressing rabbis knew these interchanges (1st/3rd-person shifts) compelled "two Yahwehs"—one visible (Angel/Name-bearing, leading from Egypt per Exodus 33/Deuteronomy 4/Judges 2, yet "Presence" too)—paving NT high Christology from OT soil, not ether or invention. Previewing Part 4 (pre-Jesus Jewish/Christian parsing; Psalm 82), he equips hearers to see OT "two-yet-one" (distinct yet identified, like Christology), disarming monotheism objections for Jewish friends.
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Scripture
DeuteronomyDeuteronomy 6:4PsalmsDeuteronomy 32:8Deuteronomy 32:8-92 Samuel2 Samuel 6Psalms 20IsaiahIsaiah 30ExodusExodus 23Exodus 23:20Exodus 23:20-21GenesisGenesis 31Genesis 31:11Genesis 31:11-13Genesis 48Genesis 48:15Genesis 48:15-16JudgesAmosAmos 4Amos 4:11Genesis 19Genesis 19:24Judges 2


















