Encyclopedia entry
Lord
Disambiguation
The source enumerates 5 distinct subjects under Lord. Jump to one below, or read in order.
There are various Hebrew and Greek words so rendered.
Lord (1)
#Heb. Jehovah, has been rendered in the English Bible LORD, printed in small capitals. This is the proper name of the God of the Hebrews. The form “Jehovah” is retained only in Ex. 6:3; Ps. 83:18; Isa. 12:2; 26:4, both in the Authorized and the Revised Version.
Lord (2)
#Heb. ‘adon, means one possessed of absolute control. It denotes a master, as of slaves (Gen. 24:14, 27), or a ruler of his subjects (45:8), or a husband, as lord of his wife (18:12).
The old plural form of this Hebrew word is ’adonai. From a superstitious reverence for the name “Jehovah,” the Jews, in reading their Scriptures, whenever that name occurred, always pronounced it ’Adonai.
Lord (3)
#Greek kurios, a supreme master, etc. In the LXX. this is invariably used for “Jehovah” and ”‘Adonai.”
Lord (4)
#Heb. ba’al, a master, as having domination. This word is applied to human relations, as that of husband, to persons skilled in some art or profession, and to heathen deities. “The men of Shechem,” literally “the baals of Shechem” (Judg. 9:2, 3). These were the Israelite inhabitants who had reduced the Canaanites to a condition of vassalage (Josh. 16:10; 17:13).
Lord (5)
#Heb. seren, applied exclusively to the “lords of the Philistines” (Judg. 3:3). The LXX. render it by satrapies. At this period the Philistines were not, as at a later period (1 Sam. 21:10), under a kingly government. (See Josh. 13:3; 1 Sam. 6:18.) There were five such lordships, viz., Gath, Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ekron.
Also from Smith's (1884) +−
[God]
In the Bible
6785
Verses where Lord is named. Berean Standard Bible (public domain).
- 1 Chronicles 2:3
The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, and Shelah. These three were born to him by Bath-shua the Canaanite. Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the LORD. So the LORD put him to death.
- 1 Chronicles 6:15
Jehozadak went into captivity when the LORD sent Judah and Jerusalem into exile by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar.
- 1 Chronicles 6:31
These are the men David put in charge of the music in the house of the LORD after the ark rested there.
- 1 Chronicles 6:32
They ministered with song before the tabernacle, the Tent of Meeting, until Solomon built the house of the LORD in Jerusalem. And they performed their duties according to the regulations given them.
- 1 Chronicles 9:19
Shallum son of Kore, the son of Ebiasaph, the son of Korah, and his relatives from the Korahites were assigned to guard the thresholds of the Tent, just as their fathers had been assigned to guard the entrance to the dwelling of the LORD.
- 1 Chronicles 9:20
In earlier times Phinehas son of Eleazar had been in charge of the gatekeepers, and the LORD was with him.
+6779 more verses naming Lord.
Scripture on Lord
1010
See all 1010 +−
- Jeremiah 512 Kings 17Numbers 15Deuteronomy 4Psalms 118Psalms 1191 Kings 18Ezekiel 20Leviticus 19Numbers 161 Samuel 15Jeremiah 50Exodus 4Numbers 14Deuteronomy 1Deuteronomy 91 Kings 22Jeremiah 49Exodus 10Judges 61 Samuel 121 Chronicles 161 Chronicles 212 Chronicles 29Jeremiah 29Ezekiel 36Genesis 24Exodus 9Leviticus 22Numbers 31Deuteronomy 12Deuteronomy 312 Chronicles 20Jeremiah 25Genesis 18Exodus 8Exodus 16Deuteronomy 5Deuteronomy 6Deuteronomy 29Joshua 221 Samuel 11 Kings 11 Kings 22 Kings 23Jeremiah 32Deuteronomy 7Joshua 24Judges 2Lamentations 3Luke 1Exodus 12Exodus 34Numbers 32Deuteronomy 111 Samuel 22 Samuel 72 Samuel 222 Samuel 242 Chronicles 18Psalms 18Psalms 34Psalms 37Isaiah 37Zechariah 8Exodus 14Leviticus 4Numbers 6Numbers 11Numbers 22Deuteronomy 2Deuteronomy 16Deuteronomy 261 Samuel 32 Samuel 62 Kings 192 Chronicles 33Isaiah 45Jeremiah 2Jeremiah 5Jeremiah 30Jeremiah 33Jeremiah 48Ezekiel 11Ezekiel 13Ezekiel 16Zechariah 1Exodus 6Leviticus 6Leviticus 8Leviticus 27Numbers 3Numbers 18Deuteronomy 10Deuteronomy 18Judges 131 Samuel 162 Chronicles 242 Chronicles 302 Chronicles 34Psalms 116Isaiah 66Jeremiah 3Jeremiah 13Jeremiah 26Jeremiah 42Ezekiel 14Ezekiel 34Daniel 9Joel 2Acts 9Exodus 7Exodus 30Exodus 32Leviticus 7Leviticus 24Numbers 28Joshua 6Joshua 7Judges 111 Samuel 61 Samuel 251 Kings 132 Kings 181 Chronicles 171 Chronicles 292 Chronicles 62 Chronicles 282 Chronicles 36Psalms 33Jeremiah 7Jeremiah 9Jeremiah 22Jeremiah 28Jeremiah 36Ezekiel 12Ezekiel 21Ezekiel 25Ezekiel 30Ezekiel 37Ezekiel 39Haggai 2Malachi 1Malachi 3Exodus 13Exodus 15Exodus 19Exodus 40Leviticus 10Numbers 8Numbers 9Numbers 27Deuteronomy 8Deuteronomy 15Deuteronomy 30Joshua 41 Samuel 72 Samuel 121 Kings 141 Chronicles 22Psalms 107Isaiah 19Isaiah 30Isaiah 49Jeremiah 1Jeremiah 11Jeremiah 27Jeremiah 44Ezekiel 28Zechariah 14Genesis 2Exodus 35Exodus 39Leviticus 14Leviticus 16Numbers 5Joshua 10Joshua 23Judges 31 Samuel 141 Samuel 201 Samuel 261 Kings 151 Kings 172 Kings 22 Kings 202 Kings 212 Kings 221 Chronicles 282 Chronicles 7Psalms 86Psalms 89Psalms 94Psalms 106Psalms 115Psalms 135Proverbs 16Isaiah 38Jeremiah 8Jeremiah 16Jeremiah 17Lamentations 2Ezekiel 22Ezekiel 29Amos 5Amos 7Malachi 2Genesis 4Genesis 15Genesis 44Exodus 24Exodus 29Exodus 33Leviticus 2Numbers 10Numbers 20Deuteronomy 231 Kings 162 Kings 32 Kings 122 Kings 151 Chronicles 152 Chronicles 122 Chronicles 132 Chronicles 31Psalms 25Psalms 29Psalms 35Psalms 68Psalms 103Psalms 145Isaiah 26Jeremiah 4Jeremiah 6Jeremiah 10Jeremiah 14Jeremiah 15Jeremiah 20Jeremiah 21Jeremiah 46Ezekiel 24Ezekiel 32Ezekiel 33Ezekiel 35Ezekiel 44Zephaniah 1Haggai 1Matthew 25Genesis 3Leviticus 1Leviticus 3Leviticus 9Numbers 12Numbers 23Deuteronomy 3Deuteronomy 17Deuteronomy 33Joshua 14Judges 5Judges 71 Samuel 242 Samuel 52 Samuel 142 Samuel 191 Kings 31 Kings 111 Kings 212 Kings 82 Kings 111 Chronicles 232 Chronicles 152 Chronicles 32Psalms 9Psalms 27Psalms 31Psalms 40Psalms 96Proverbs 3Proverbs 15Isaiah 1Isaiah 2Isaiah 7Isaiah 14Isaiah 40Isaiah 42Isaiah 51Isaiah 60Jeremiah 34Lamentations 1Ezekiel 17Ezekiel 23Ezekiel 26Amos 1Amos 3Amos 4Micah 4Zechariah 6Zechariah 7Luke 2Romans 161 Corinthians 7Exodus 17Leviticus 21Numbers 21Numbers 29Deuteronomy 13Deuteronomy 14Deuteronomy 19Deuteronomy 27Deuteronomy 32Joshua 8Judges 41 Samuel 101 Kings 91 Kings 191 Kings 202 Kings 42 Kings 52 Kings 92 Chronicles 142 Chronicles 192 Chronicles 232 Chronicles 26Psalms 30Psalms 102Psalms 105Psalms 147Isaiah 3Isaiah 8Isaiah 28Isaiah 43Isaiah 52Isaiah 61Isaiah 62Jeremiah 35Jeremiah 38Ezekiel 18Ezekiel 38Ezekiel 46Amos 9Jonah 1Zephaniah 3Zechariah 2Zechariah 4Luke 19John 11John 13Acts 13Ephesians 6Colossians 32 Thessalonians 3Genesis 16Genesis 26Exodus 20Leviticus 5Leviticus 18Numbers 4Numbers 30Deuteronomy 20Joshua 3Joshua 11Judges 201 Samuel 232 Samuel 152 Samuel 162 Kings 62 Kings 102 Kings 142 Kings 242 Chronicles 172 Chronicles 212 Chronicles 35Psalms 22Psalms 92Psalms 104Psalms 109Psalms 146Isaiah 9Isaiah 10Isaiah 41Isaiah 48Isaiah 54Isaiah 65Jeremiah 12Jeremiah 18Jeremiah 19Jeremiah 37Ezekiel 3Ezekiel 5Ezekiel 6Ezekiel 7Joel 3Amos 8Micah 6Nahum 1Zephaniah 2Zechariah 3Matthew 18Luke 10Luke 12John 21Acts 2Acts 7Acts 111 Corinthians 1Ephesians 5James 5Jude 1Genesis 19Genesis 39Exodus 3Exodus 5Exodus 11Exodus 28Exodus 31Leviticus 17Leviticus 25Leviticus 26Numbers 17Numbers 26Deuteronomy 21Deuteronomy 24Deuteronomy 34Joshua 1Joshua 2Joshua 9Joshua 21Judges 10Judges 21Ruth 11 Samuel 81 Samuel 282 Kings 12 Kings 72 Kings 131 Chronicles 112 Chronicles 22 Chronicles 52 Chronicles 25Ezra 3Job 1Job 2Job 42Psalms 3Psalms 6Psalms 12Psalms 41Psalms 84Psalms 97Psalms 98Psalms 99Psalms 113Psalms 130Psalms 132Psalms 140Proverbs 20Proverbs 22Isaiah 5Isaiah 6Isaiah 22Isaiah 24Isaiah 29Isaiah 33Isaiah 50Isaiah 58Isaiah 59Jeremiah 24Jeremiah 43Ezekiel 43Ezekiel 45Hosea 1Amos 2Obadiah 1Jonah 2Zechariah 10Zechariah 11Mark 12Luke 22John 20Acts 8Acts 15Romans 14Philippians 41 Thessalonians 41 Thessalonians 52 Thessalonians 12 Thessalonians 22 Timothy 42 Peter 3Genesis 6Genesis 12Genesis 13Genesis 27Exodus 18Leviticus 20Numbers 36Joshua 5Joshua 13Joshua 18Judges 12 Samuel 32 Samuel 212 Samuel 231 Kings 51 Kings 61 Kings 72 Kings 161 Chronicles 132 Chronicles 12 Chronicles 16Ezra 1Ezra 7Nehemiah 8Nehemiah 9Psalms 5Psalms 7Psalms 10Psalms 20Psalms 26Psalms 28Psalms 38Psalms 69Psalms 148Proverbs 19Proverbs 21Isaiah 11Isaiah 12Isaiah 13Isaiah 21Isaiah 25Isaiah 27Isaiah 31Isaiah 34Isaiah 36Isaiah 44Isaiah 55Isaiah 56Jeremiah 47Jeremiah 52Ezekiel 10Ezekiel 48Hosea 12Joel 1Jonah 4Micah 7Zechariah 9Zechariah 12Zechariah 13Matthew 8Matthew 20Matthew 24Luke 13Luke 20Acts 10Acts 16Acts 19Acts 221 Corinthians 162 Timothy 2Philemon 1Hebrews 82 Peter 1Genesis 11Genesis 22Genesis 29Genesis 32Genesis 33Leviticus 15Numbers 1Numbers 7Numbers 19Numbers 24Numbers 25Numbers 33Numbers 34Judges 8Ruth 2Ruth 41 Samuel 41 Samuel 51 Samuel 171 Samuel 221 Samuel 302 Samuel 22 Samuel 112 Samuel 181 Kings 101 Chronicles 262 Chronicles 82 Chronicles 11Psalms 2Psalms 4Psalms 11Psalms 14Psalms 16Psalms 19Psalms 21Psalms 24Psalms 32Psalms 59Psalms 85Psalms 88Psalms 93Psalms 100Psalms 110Psalms 111Psalms 121Psalms 124Psalms 125Psalms 126Psalms 138Psalms 143Psalms 144Proverbs 10Isaiah 23Isaiah 63Jeremiah 39Jeremiah 45Ezekiel 8Ezekiel 15Ezekiel 31Hosea 2Hosea 4Hosea 9Amos 6Micah 1Micah 2Micah 3Habakkuk 2Habakkuk 3Matthew 21Matthew 22Luke 4Luke 7Luke 9Acts 4Acts 12Acts 20Romans 101 Corinthians 41 Corinthians 61 Corinthians 91 Corinthians 111 Corinthians 152 Corinthians 12 Corinthians 8Ephesians 1Philippians 21 Thessalonians 11 Thessalonians 31 Timothy 12 Timothy 12 Peter 2Revelation 11Revelation 22Genesis 7Genesis 23Genesis 25Genesis 28Genesis 30Genesis 31Genesis 42Exodus 23Exodus 36Leviticus 11Numbers 2Numbers 35Deuteronomy 25Judges 14Judges 17Judges 191 Samuel 111 Samuel 131 Samuel 181 Samuel 191 Samuel 212 Samuel 81 Kings 122 Kings 251 Chronicles 61 Chronicles 91 Chronicles 141 Chronicles 181 Chronicles 252 Chronicles 92 Chronicles 222 Chronicles 27Ezra 8Ezra 9Nehemiah 10Job 40Psalms 13Psalms 17Psalms 39Psalms 46Psalms 55Psalms 71Psalms 77Psalms 78Psalms 83Psalms 90Psalms 95Psalms 122Psalms 128Psalms 134Psalms 139Psalms 141Psalms 149Proverbs 8Proverbs 14Proverbs 29Isaiah 4Isaiah 39Isaiah 53Isaiah 64Jeremiah 40Lamentations 4Lamentations 5Ezekiel 9Daniel 10Hosea 5Hosea 10Hosea 14Micah 5Malachi 4Matthew 1Matthew 2Matthew 15Mark 11Luke 5Luke 14Luke 16Luke 17John 6John 14Acts 1Acts 3Acts 5Acts 18Acts 21Romans 1Romans 5Romans 152 Corinthians 32 Corinthians 42 Corinthians 52 Corinthians 10Galatians 6Ephesians 4Philippians 3Colossians 11 Timothy 6Hebrews 12James 11 Peter 3Revelation 19Genesis 8Genesis 20Genesis 21Genesis 38Genesis 45Genesis 47Exodus 22Leviticus 12Numbers 13Joshua 17Joshua 19Judges 15Judges 16Ruth 31 Samuel 91 Samuel 292 Samuel 12 Samuel 42 Samuel 102 Samuel 131 Chronicles 10Ezra 4Ezra 6Ezra 10Nehemiah 1Psalms 1Psalms 8Psalms 15Psalms 23Psalms 36Psalms 47Psalms 48Psalms 54Psalms 70Psalms 73Psalms 79Psalms 80Psalms 81Psalms 87Psalms 91Psalms 101Psalms 112Psalms 117Psalms 120Psalms 123Psalms 127Psalms 129Psalms 131Psalms 136Psalms 137Psalms 142Psalms 150Proverbs 1Proverbs 2Proverbs 11Proverbs 12Proverbs 17Proverbs 18Proverbs 24Proverbs 28Isaiah 16Isaiah 17Isaiah 18Isaiah 20Isaiah 35Ezekiel 1Ezekiel 4Ezekiel 27Ezekiel 40Ezekiel 47Daniel 1Daniel 2Daniel 4Hosea 3Hosea 6Hosea 8Hosea 11Hosea 13Jonah 3Nahum 2Habakkuk 1Matthew 4Matthew 7Matthew 9Matthew 10Matthew 14Matthew 17Matthew 28Mark 10Mark 16Luke 6Luke 11Luke 18Luke 24John 9John 12John 15Acts 14Acts 17Romans 4Romans 6Romans 9Romans 11Romans 121 Corinthians 21 Corinthians 31 Corinthians 51 Corinthians 101 Corinthians 121 Corinthians 142 Corinthians 62 Corinthians 112 Corinthians 122 Corinthians 13Ephesians 3Philippians 1Colossians 41 Thessalonians 2Hebrews 7Hebrews 10Hebrews 13James 41 Peter 1Revelation 4Revelation 15Revelation 16Genesis 5Genesis 9Genesis 10Genesis 14Genesis 17Genesis 40Genesis 49Exodus 25Exodus 27Exodus 38Leviticus 13Deuteronomy 22Joshua 12Joshua 15Joshua 16Joshua 20Judges 9Judges 12Judges 182 Samuel 92 Samuel 172 Samuel 201 Chronicles 21 Chronicles 121 Chronicles 191 Chronicles 241 Chronicles 272 Chronicles 32 Chronicles 42 Chronicles 10Ezra 2Nehemiah 3Nehemiah 4Nehemiah 5Job 12Job 28Job 38Psalms 42Psalms 44Psalms 45Psalms 50Psalms 51Psalms 56Psalms 57Psalms 58Psalms 62Psalms 64Psalms 66Psalms 72Psalms 74Psalms 75Psalms 76Psalms 108Psalms 114Psalms 133Proverbs 5Proverbs 6Proverbs 9Proverbs 23Proverbs 25Proverbs 30Proverbs 31Isaiah 32Isaiah 47Isaiah 57Jeremiah 41Ezekiel 2Ezekiel 41Ezekiel 42Daniel 5Daniel 12Hosea 7Nahum 3Zechariah 5Matthew 3Matthew 5Matthew 11Matthew 12Matthew 13Matthew 16Matthew 23Matthew 26Matthew 27Mark 1Mark 2Mark 5Mark 7Mark 9Mark 13Luke 3Luke 23John 1John 4John 8Acts 23Acts 25Acts 26Acts 28Romans 7Romans 8Romans 131 Corinthians 82 Corinthians 2Galatians 1Galatians 4Galatians 5Ephesians 2Colossians 21 Timothy 52 Timothy 3Titus 1Hebrews 1Hebrews 2James 2James 31 Peter 22 John 1Revelation 1Revelation 6Revelation 14Revelation 17Revelation 18Revelation 21
Entries that reference Lord
498
See all 498 +−
- AdamAndrewAnnaCaiaphasCainDavidDeuteronomyEveEzrafaithGenesisHagarHannahIsaiahJamesJephthahJeremiahJerusalemJohnJohn the ApostleJosephJudas IscariotMarthaMaryMelchizedekMosesNehemiahNicodemusNoahObadiahPaulPentecostPeterPhilipPsalmsRehoboamRuthSamuelSaulSimeonSusannaThomasZacchaeusZechariahZephaniahAbiaAbiatharAceldamaAdam, a typeAddiAdoni-zedecAdonibezekAdonijahAfflictionsAgonyAhaziahAlexanderAlienAlmsAlphaAltarAmariahAmasiahAmaziahAmenAmmoniteAnathemaAngelAnnasAntichristAntipasApollosApostleArimatheaArmouryAsaAsahiahAsaiahAssAthaliahAtonement, The Day OfAzaliahAzaniahAzareel, Or AzareelAzariahAzazelAzaziahAzorBaalBaal-gadBaal-hananBaal-hermonBaal-meonBaal-peorBaal-shalishaBaal-tamarBalaamBanquetBaptism of ChristBaptism, ChristianBaptism, John’sBartholomewBartimaeusBasinBeeliadaBeer-lahai-roiBenaiahBesodeiahBethanyBethelBethlehemBeulahBithiahBlasphemyBloody sweatBoanergesBochimBookBrassBrotherBurial, SepulchresBurnt offeringCaesara PhilippiCallCalvaryCamelCanaCanonCapernaumCaptainCarpenterCaveCenserCensusCenturionChariotChenaniahChorazinChristChronologyChurchCleophasCloudCock-crowingCononiahConsecrationCorbanCornerCornerstoneCovenantCrossCrucifixionCumminCustomCyreneCyreniusDaemonDaemoniacDanceDarknessDayDeaconDelugeDemonDemoniacsDesire of all nationsDevilDishDivinationDodavahDreamDrownEarthquakeEatingEdom, Idumaea Or IdumeaEglonEldadEliElijahElioenaiElisabethEmbalmingEmmausEmmaus, Or EmmausEncampEnosEphesusEphphathaEphraimEphraim in the wildernessEphrainErEshcolEternal lifeExcommunicationFaceFall of manFarthingFestivalsFestivals, ReligiousFigFireFirst-fruitsFisherFlyForerunnerFountain of the VirginFoxFullerGabbathaGalileanGalileeGalilee, Sea ofGallGazaGehennaGemariahGershomGethsemaneGibeonGodGolgothaGomorrahGospelGospelsHadesHaemorrhoidsHallelujahHananiahHandicraftHarhaiahHarvestHazaelHeathHeave offeringHeliHellHenHephzibahHerodHezekiahHigh placeHigh Places6813 PriestHigh priestHinnomHirelingHissHormahHosannaHouseHow The Prophetic Gift Was ReceivedHuskHymnIrijahIthaiIttaiJahJames The LessJasherJedidiahJehoahazJehoashJehoramJehoshaphatJehovahJehovah-jirehJephthah’s vowJerichoJeroboamJesusJesus ChristJethroJewJoannaJoashJohn the BaptistJoppaJordanJosiahJudahJudasJudas, The Lords BrotherJudgeJudgment hallJustificationKadeshKidronKidron, Or KedronKingKorahLaw of MosesLeavenLebbaeusLeprosyLeviteLilyLord’s dayLord’s PrayerLord’s SupperThe Lords DayLoveLove FeastsLuciusMaaseiahMaasiaiMaathMachbanaiMadnessMalchusManassehMarahMaranathaMarriageMary The VirginMattathiasMatthanMatthiasMattithiahMealsMedicineMeleaMephiboshethMinisterMiraclesMiteMitreMizpahMoabMoney-changerMorehMulberryMyrrhNaamanNabalNadabNailNainNaphtali, Tribe ofNathanNathanaelNativity of ChristNazareneNazarethNazariteNicolasNinevehNoadiahNoblemanNumbering of the peopleOathOld TestamentOlives, Mount OfOmriOxOziasPalestina And PalestinePalm treePalsyPaltiParablePashurPassionPassoverPedaiahPekahiahPennyPergamosPersisPhariseesPhysicianPiece Of SilverPigeonPilatePlagues, The TenPools of SolomonPrayerPriestProphetPublicanPunishmentsPurseQuarantaniaRabbiRabboniRachabRagauRavenReedRemaliahResurrection of ChristResurrection of the deadRhesaRizpahRobberyRomeRueRufusSabachthaniSabaoth, The Lord OfSabbathSabeansSacrificeSadduceesSadocSalomeSamaritansSatanSaviourScarletScevaScourgingScribesScriptureSealSemeiSennacheribSermon on the mountSerpentSerpent, FieryShallecheth, The gate ofShebaShechemSheepShemaiahSherezerShewbreadShipsSiloamSiloam, Pool ofSiloam, Tower, InSimonSinaiSmyrnaSolomonSon of manSpice, SpicesSpikenardStephenSweat, BloodySwineSwordSynagogueSyrophenicianTaberahTabernacleTabernacles, The Feast OfTaborTalitha cumiTaxesTaxingTempleTemple, Herod’sTemple, the SecondTemptationThieves, The twoThornsThunderTiberiasTiberius CaesarTitheTithe Or TenthTob-adonijahTongues, Gift ofTorchesTranceThe TransfigurationTributeTychicusUnctionUrim And ThummimUzziahVersions, Ancient, Of The Old And New TestamentsVineVirginWave OfferingWeights And MeasuresWellWheatWifeWineThe WordWorks, GoodWormZachariahZachariasZadokZalmunnaZebadiahZebedeeZebulun, Lot ofZedekiahZerubbabelZophim, Field of
Lord references
11
Voices on Lord
24
Surfaced by name match — accuracy varies by title clarity.
Sources · Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897) · Smith's Bible Dictionary (1884)
Public-domain text. Modernized only where archaic spelling impedes reading; original facts preserved. Verify against an authoritative modern reference before quoting.